I think that there was a brief bit in my high school curriculum about the period that mostly focused on our involvement due to the Great Depression, the US financial sector seeing something of an implosion, pulling funds from Germany — who was, at that time, dependent on US finance to keep industry running — and that exacerbating the political situation. I doubt that a lot of that would stick in people’s head for decades.

I believe that most of it dealt with the World War II era, which involved the US considerably more, rather than the interwar period.

I’ve read more myself, but that was later and probably would not be representative of what a typical American would do. And a lot of that was due to personal interest in military history, which focused on World War II, rather than German political processes in the 1930s.

I’ve taken dedicated coursework on the political situation in Germany around the time. I’ve read English translations of Mein Kampf, and Zweites Buch. I’d probably be more familiar with political happenings in the 1930s in Germany than in another non-US foreign country — like, I could say more about Germany in the period than about Mussolini in Italy. I could give a rough outline of Hitler’s arc, the internal concerns that drove his base, and some of the critical moves that let him ultimately gain power. The early NSDAP and power struggles there and in the SA.

But if what you really want to know is “would a typical middle-aged American have much familiarity with the political situation in 1930s Germany”, the answer I’d give is “probably not much”.