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Cake day: July 2nd, 2023

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  • I said oldest English plural. Octopi is the oldest plural in English for the English word “octopus.”

    We took a word that sounded to us like a second declension Latin word and gave it a second declension plural. This wasn’t accurate in Latin, since it’s actually a third declension noun with weird Greek endings (as a word lifted from Greek).

    But English doesn’t use declensions the same way Latin does. We just know that many words that end in -us get pluralized as -i in English (alumnus -> alumni, etc.) and so “octopus” as “octopi” sounds right to English-speaking ears.

    Then some people were like, “Nah, it should follow English plural rules” and said “octopuses.” Then others were like, “Well, as a Latin word FROM a Greek word we should be using the proper third declension Greek ending plural from Latin” and we got to “octopodes,” which matches up with the Attic Greek masculine plural, «ὀκτώποδες» but pronounced differently because Latin didn’t differentiate the same way between Ο and Ω. And then we bastardize the pronunciation in English to blend the Latin and the Greek and our even further weakened English vowel to the point where we almost say “ah” for omega. (Which is why I wrote it that way.)

    Anyway, the point is we shouldn’t be prescriptivist about the plural of the word octopus in English. Just let octopi and octopuses and octopodes live in peace with one another.





  • The Harris you’re thinking of would say Israel has every right to kill women, children and American journalists unconditionally and that to argue there should be consequences is antisemitic.

    Kamala Harris has to walk the political tightrope of not being accused of antisemitism in a nation that has decided speaking ill of Israel’s misdeeds is antisemitic.

    She has very specifically not said Israel has every right to kill women, children, and American journalists. She has said that they have every right to defend themselves, which is of course a safe non-answer. It doesn’t condone genocide, which is by definition not self-defense, but it also doesn’t oppose Israel, which would likely be suicidal in a national election as bafflingly close as this one.

    Ideally she would stand up for Palestine, but I think that, broadly speaking, Americans are ill-informed about what’s happening in Gaza. I’m guessing her team knows that if she were to speak out vehemently in opposition to what most people don’t realize is a genocide, it would likely lose her more support than it would gain her in key states like Pennsylvania. Yes, she’d get support from many Palestinian-Americans in Michigan, but that may also turn undecided voters (in an election like this one, “undecided voter” means “uninformed voter”) against her. And she desperately needs those undecided voters, because the electoral college means she has an inherent disadvantage in this election.

    She and her strategists are banking on people opposed to Israel’s genocide being smart enough to know that Donald Trump would be even worse, and to understand that political realities are complex in a way that is often very distasteful.

    We can be disappointed that she isn’t decrying the actions of Israel, but to pretend that Harris is in full-throated support of genocide is disingenuous.

    As much as we would like it to be, the world is not simple.



  • That U is becoming more and more a joke…

    Importantly, it’s universal compared to having parallel and Serial and PS/2 and the old joystick port and FireWire and whatnot.

    How annoyed everyone is/was about Lightning sticking around should be pretty good evidence of how universal USB is. Especially since Lightning still used USB-A or USB-C on the host end.

    Sure there are different versions of USB, but they will still work. They might not work at their best if they don’t have compatible higher-end features, but they’ll still communicate.


  • The most successful Kickstarter in history (so far) was Brandon Sanderson’s “Secret Project.” He had written four novels during the pandemic which were not written for or promised to any publisher, so they did a Kickstarter to publish them through Dragonsteel, his company, and added on things like monthly loot boxes, digital editions, etc.

    Raised over $40 million dollars (some of which they used to fund almost every publishing project on Kickstarter at the time, which was pretty cool).

    Other than some snafus with manufacturing (getting the fancy colored pages from the printer to the binder took longer than anticipated, so the first book didn’t reach people until a month or two late, and instead they moved up the boxes planned for February to January, March to February, etc.) the delivery went really well. I have my four high-quality hardcover copies displayed proudly in my living room, and I have various Cosmere-related merch all over the house.

    Of course, Sanderson already had an audience and a company. The Kickstarter let them do something they hadn’t done previously, but he obviously would’ve been able to publish those books through one of the publishers he works with regardless. Still, it was fun to be a part of community funding for something I was excited about.



  • Don’t worry. I’ve had a lot of work done on my front teeth due to an accident when I was a child. Eventually needed root canals on both.

    Honestly those root canals weren’t even as bad as cavity fillings.

    Most painful part, as others have said, will be the numbing injections. If you still feel pain, let them know and they’ll give you more (different people have different levels).

    Make sure to ask for a bite block so you don’t have to hold your mouth open, that’ll help a lot.

    They might even let you listen to music, audiobook, or podcast, depending on your dentist.

    Here’s what you’ll experience:

    They’ll put you in the chair, and they’ll use a q-tip to apply some local anesthetic to your gums. They’ll give that a bit to kick in, then they’ll inject your gums with a tiny little hypodermic needle to really numb them. This is the only part that hurts. I find if I grip the arm of my chair and focus on that, I get through it easier.

    They’ll likely do 2-3 injections around the area, depending on the tooth and where the nerves are located. But the first is the worst, because the numbing agent will start to take effect for the others. Also your body is gonna flood with endorphins because of the pain, so the injections following the first won’t be nearly as bad. Then the dentist will probably leave the room for a few minutes while they let that kick in. If the assistant is there, strike up a conversation! In my experience, the relief that the injections are done, along with the aforementioned flood of endorphins, almost feels like a mild high.

    The dentist will come back and ask how you’re doing. Your lip will feel huge right now (though it isn’t, it’s just the way the nerves interpret not being able to feel what’s going on).

    Here, if they haven’t given you one yet, ask for a bite block. Seriously, it makes the process so much easier.

    They’ll start working by drying the area with some air. Then they’ll probably begin drilling. If you feel any pain at all, let them know. They’ll be looking for it, and may even ask you. I’ve only ever had to get an additional injection once or twice. By this point, the injection won’t really hurt because the area is so numb.

    When they’ve drilled in they’ll begin using tools to clean out the inside of the tooth, clearing as much of the infected tissue as possible and removing the nerve. The work and the drilling all feel kind of weird, because the area is numb but you can still sense pressure in other parts of your mouth. You can also hear it, unless you choose the music route. I actually find this kind of fascinating.

    Once they’ve cleaned the area, they’ll put in what’s called gutta percha, which they use to plug up the canal. This will feel funny, you’ll definitely feel the pressure. It won’t hurt though.

    Then they’ll plug the hole with some bonding material or cement or something. This will probably be UV cured.

    And then you’ll be done! Unless you’re having the whole tooth replaced with a crown. In that case, they’ll have made a mold beforehand for a temporary and permanent crown. They’ll drill away more of the tooth and put a post in to hold the crown in place. Then they’ll put the temporary crown on while they send the mold out to make a proper one.

    Then you get to go home. Take a sick day if you get them, not because you need it but because it’s a good excuse and your co-workers will all feel sorry for you. 🤣

    Don’t fret! You’re gonna do great. If you have any questions or concerns don’t hesitate to ask!




  • There’s a way to circumvent the electoral college without a constitutional amendment. It’s called the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact. It’s in progress, but not triggered yet until a few more states adopt it.

    If states totaling at least 270 electoral votes sign on, then it kicks in. Every state in the compact will send the electors for the party that wins the national popular vote, regardless of how their state votes. Electoral college rendered meaningless without a constitutional amendment.

    (The video is good, it’s CGP Grey’s explanation of this compact.)